A publication primarily for local governments who wish to establish or strengthen formal participatory mechanisms for children. The material draws on evidence from interviews undertaken in 2021 in 11 high-income countries.  Children and supporting adults who are actively engaged in child and youth councils in schools and at the local level were interviewed. The report uses those findings to provid practical suggestions that will enable local governments to fulfil better their obligations under Article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child to provide children the right to express their views on all matters of concern to them and to take seriously these views